Rabies

Rabies ( rabies) be acute infection disease at formation of central nerve which caused by rabies virus, and contagious [by] through animal bite penular rabies especially dog, cat and monkey.

CAUSE

Rabies virus.


Rabies virus there is in animal saliva infection. This animal infection to other animal of man through bite and sometime through lick. Virus will make a move from its(the place admission through nerves towards to medulla spinals and brain, where they are growth. Hereinafter virus will make a move again through nerve towards to salivary gland and comes into saliva.


Many animals which able to catching of rabies to man. Which very often becomes source of rabies is dog; other animal of which also able to become source of infection of rabies is cat, bat, raccoon, skink, fox.


Rabies at dog still often is found in Latin America, African and Asian, because not all looking after animals gets vaccination for this disease. Animal infection can be experience savage rabies or tame rabies. At savage rabies, animal hit seen jumpy and malignant, then becomes paralysis and death. At tame rabies, since beginning of already happened local paralysis or total paralysis.


Though hardly seldom, rabies can be contagious through impure air inhaling. Has been reported 2 case happened at explorer breathing in air in where many there is bats.


SYMPTOM


Symptom usually starts arising within 30-50 days after infection, but its(the incubation period varies out of 10 days until more than 1 year. Incubation period usually shortest at man who bitten upon head or place closed by trunks or when bite there is in many places.


At 20% patient, rabies is started with paralysis at under which to all body. But this disease usually is started with short period from mental depression, disquiet, not delicious of body and fever. Disquiet will increase to become gladness? joy that is uncontrollably and patient will salivate.


Red Lane muscle spastic and sound track can felt extraordinary pain. This spastic happened as result of existence of brain area trouble arranging process to swallow and exhalation. Light breeze and tries to drink water can cause this twitch. Therefore rabies patient cannot drink. Because thing this is, hence this disease sometime also is called as hydrophobia ( water fear).

DIAGNOSE


If someone is nipped [by] animal, hence nipping animal must be observed. Immunofluoresensi ( fluorescence antibody test) what done to the animal can indicate that the animal suffers rabies.

Skin biopsy, where neck skin taken for under microscope, usually can show existence of virus.


THERAPY


If soon is conducted action correct prevention, hence someone who nipped animal suffering rabies seldom will suffer rabies. Man who nipped hare and animal pengerat ( including bajing, mouse) doesn't require further therapy because the animals seldom be infection rabies. But if nipped [by] beast ( skink, raccoon, fox and bat) required further therapy because the animals might possibly be infection rabies.


Precaution most importantly is handling of bite hurt soon possibly. Area nipped cleaned with soap, rough poke which in sprayed with soap water. If hurt had been cleaned, to patient which have never got immunization with rabies vaccine is give [by] injection immunoglobulin rabies, where half from its(the dose is inseminated in place of bite.


If have never got immunization, hence injection of rabies vaccine passed to when nipped [by] rabies animal and at day to 3, 7, 14 and 28. Pain in bone and swell in place of injection usually haves the character of light. Seldom happened allergic reaction which is serious, less than 1% experiencing fever after experiencing vaccination.


If patient have ever got vaccination, hence risk suffers rabies will decrease, but bite hurt must remain to is cleaned and given [by] 2 vaccine dose ( at day 0 and 2).


Before finding of therapy, death usually happened in 3-10 days. Most patient dies because breath road(street cork ( asphyxia), spastic, fatigue or total paralysis. Though death because rabies have ever been anticipated cannot be obviated, but some people safe something. They is carried over [by] intensive ward to be observed to symptoms at lung, heart and brain. Giving of vaccine and also rabies Ig seems to be effective if in a moment patient shows rabies symptoms.

PREVENTION


Stages to prevent rabies can be taken before viral protactinium or soon after protactinium. For example, vaccination can be given to high ice people who to presentation of virus, that is : - veterinary - laboratory officer handling animals infection - permanent people who or remains more than 30 days in area where rabies at dog many found - the bat cave explorers.


Vaccination gives protect for a lifetime. But antibody rate will decline, so that man who high cause to presentation hereinafter must get dose buster vaccination every 2 year.